Krei, Melinda Scott and James E. Rosenbaum. 2001. <em>Career and College Advice to the Forgotten Half: What Do Counselors and Vocational Teachers Advise?</em> Teachers College Record 103(5): 823&#8212;842.<br />
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	Through interviews with 35 guidance counselors and 80 vocational teachers in 12 urban and suburban schools in the Chicago metropolitan area, Krei and Rosenbaum examine how guidance counselors evaluate students&#8218; suitability for college attendance after high school, the type of advice that they give to students, and how this advice may vary for different students. The authors find that most counselors express a "personal bias toward education" and tend to encourage all students to attend college regardless of their career interests or plans. On the other hand, vocational teachers offer a more nuanced view of whether students should go to college, and these teachers fit into four different categories. The "college for all" teachers tend to push college for all students but offer no explanation of its benefits. The "diplomats" try to encourage students to explore college alternatives, while the "straightforward" teachers provide meaningful information to students that do not exclude college attendance but would still allow students to achieve realistic career goals. Finally, the "hands-off" teachers take no action, as they believe that students need to make false starts in order to figure out that they need in terms of education and skills to achieve their goals later in life. The authors assert that vocational teachers are more likely to offer different types of advice because they have more direct knowledge of the labor market and are more familiar with the students&#8218; individual talents and interests. On the other hand, counselors who do not interact with students daily are generally trained to provide college admissions requirements rather than career advice. Krei and Rosenbaum recommend that school staff advise students about postsecondary options other than college, which would help students learn about the availability of jobs, their requirements, and potentials for career advancement.